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|native_name = |}} |common_name = Macau |image_flag = Flag of Macau.svg |image_coat = Macau SAR Regional Emblem.svg |symbol_type = Emblem |image_map = Macau locator map.svg |map_width = 230px |map_caption = |national_anthem = center |other_symbol_type = City flower |other_symbol = ''Nelumbo nucifera'' (蓮花) |status = Special Administrative Region |membership_type = Sovereign state |membership = |official_languages = |languages_type = Spoken languages |languages = |languages_sub = yes |languages2_type = Writing systems |languages2 = |languages2_sub = yes |ethnic_groups = |demonym = Macanese |capital = |latd = 22 |latm = 10 |latNS = N |longd = 113 |longm = 33 |longEW = E |government_type = Special administrative region |leader_title1 = Chief Executive |leader_name1 = Fernando Chui |leader_title2 = Administration and Justice Secretary |leader_name2 = Sonia Chan |leader_title3 = Court President |leader_name3 = Sam Hou Fai |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = Ho Iat Seng |legislature = Legislative Assembly |sovereignty_type = Establishment |established_event1 = Portugal settlement |established_date1 = 1557 |established_event2 = Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking |established_date2 = 1 December 1887 |established_event3 = Transfer of the sovereignty of Macau from Portugal |established_date3 = 20 December 1999 |area_rank = 235th |area_magnitude = 1 E10 |area_km2 = 30.3 |area_sq_mi = 11.6 |area_footnote = |percent_water = 0 |population_estimate = 643,100 |population_estimate_rank = 167th |population_estimate_year = 2015 |population_census = 552,503〔(【引用サイトリンク】Results of 2011 Population Census )〕 |population_census_year = 2011 |population_census_rank = 167th |population_density_km2 = 18,568 |population_density_sq_mi = 48,092 |population_density_rank = 1st |GDP_nominal = $51.753 billion |GDP_nominal_rank = 81st |GDP_nominal_year = 2013 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $91,376 |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 4th |GDP_PPP = $80.765 billion |GDP_PPP_rank = 85th |GDP_PPP_year = 2013 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $142,599 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 1st |Gini_year = |Gini_change = |Gini = |Gini_ref = |Gini_rank = |HDI_year = 2013 |HDI_change = steady |HDI = 0.892 |HDI_ref = 〔(Macau in Figures, 2015 )〕 |HDI_rank = 14th |currency = Macanese pataca |currency_code = MOP |country_code = |time_zone = MST |utc_offset = +8 |time_zone_DST = not observed |utc_offset_DST = |drives_on = left |calling_code = +853 |iso3166code = MO |cctld = .mo |footnotes = |footnote_a = The government of Macau is a Multi-Party form of government. }} Macau (; ), also spelled Macao, officially known as the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory on the southern coast of the People's Republic of China. Macau lies on the western side of the Pearl River Delta across from Hong Kong, which is about 64 kilometers to the east, and it is also bordered by Guangdong of Mainland China to the north and the South China Sea to the east and south.〔Macau Yearbook 2007, 475.〕 With an estimated population of around 636,200 living in an area of 30.3 km2 (11.6 sq mi), it is the most densely populated region in the world.〔Current Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Former Portuguese colony, it definitively reverted to Chinese sovereignty on December 20, 1999.〕 As Portuguese Macau, it was administered by the Portuguese Empire and its inheritor states from the mid-16th century until late 1999, when it was the last remaining European colony in Asia under Portugal.〔Fung, 5.〕 Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 1550s. In 1557, Macau was rented to Portugal from Ming China as a trading port. The Portuguese Empire administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred to China on 20 December 1999. The Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Content of Basic Law of Macau )〕 Under the policy of "one country, two systems", the State Council of the People's Republic of China is responsible for military defense and foreign affairs while Macau maintains its own legal system, the public security force, monetary system, customs policy, and immigration policy. Macau participates in many international organizations and events that do not require members to possess national sovereignty.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】Joint declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China and The Government of the Republic of Portugal on the question of Macau )〕 Macau is one of the world's richest cities, and as of 2013 its GDP per capita by purchasing power parity is higher than that of any country in the world, according to the World Bank.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)", World Development Indicators database )〕〔Macau has become known as the 'Las Vegas of the Far East'. Papers by Cindia Ching-Chi ()〕 It became the world's largest gambling centre in 2006, with the economy heavily dependent on gambling and tourism, as well as manufacturing. Cantonese people from Hong Kong and Guangdong, in addition to the recent mainland tourism from Mandarin-speaking regions, have boosted the economy of Macau significantly. According to ''The World Factbook'', Macau has the fourth highest life expectancy in the world.〔 Moreover, it is one of only a few regions in Asia with a "very high Human Development Index", ranking 14th as of 2013.〔 == Etymology == (詳細はPortuguese settlement in the mid-16th century, Macau was known as ''Haojing'' (, literally "Oyster Mirror") or ''Jinghai'' (, literally "Mirror Sea").〔Macau Yearbook 2007, 517.〕 The name ''Macau'' is thought to be derived from the ''A-Ma Temple'' (), a temple built in 1448 dedicated to Mazu, the goddess of seafarers and fishermen.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/macau/a_ma.htm )〕 It is said that when the Portuguese sailors landed at the coast just outside the temple and asked the name of the place, the natives replied "" (). The Portuguese then named the peninsula "Macau".〔Fung, 298.〕 The present Chinese name () means "Inlet Gates". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Macau」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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